Character set of C
character:-
It
denotes any alphabet, digit or special symbol used to represent information.
Use:-
These characters can be combined to
form variables. C uses constants, variables, operators, keywords and
expressions as building blocks to form a basic C program.
Character set:-
The character set is the fundamental
raw material of any language and they are used to represent information. Like
natural languages, compute language will also have well defined character set,
which is useful to build the programs.
The characters in C are grouped into the following two categories:
1. Source character set
a. Alphabets
b. Digits
c. Special Characters
d. White Spaces
2. Execution
character set
a. Escape Sequence
Source
character set
ALPHABETS
Uppercase
letters
A-Z
Lowercase
letters
a-z
DIGITS
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9
SPECIAL CHARACTERS
~
tilde %
percent sign |
vertical bar
@
at
symbol
+ plus
sign <
less than
_
underscore
- minus sign >
greater than
^
caret
# number
sign =
equal to
&
ampersand $
dollar sign /
slash
(
left parenthesis
*
asterisk \
back slash
) right
parenthesis ′
apostrophe :
colon
[
left
bracket "
quotation mark ;
semicolon
] right
bracket !
exclamation mark ,
comma
{ left flower
brace ?
Question mark
. dot
operator
} right flower brace
WHITESPACE CHARACTERS
\b blank
space
\t horizontal
tab \v
vertical tab
\r
carriage return
\f form
feed
\n new line
\\ Back slash
\’ Single
quote
\" Double
quote
\?
Question mark
\0
Null
\a Alarm (bell)
Execution Character Set
Certain ASCII characters are
unprintable, which means they are not displayed on the screen or printer. Those
characters perform other functions aside from displaying text. Examples are
backspacing, moving to a newline, or ringing a bell.
They are used in output statements. Escape sequence usually consists of a
backslash and a letter or a combination of digits. An escape sequence is
considered as a single character but a valid character constant.
These are employed at the time of execution of the program. Execution
characters set are always represented by a backslash (\) followed by a
character. Note that each one of character constants represents one character,
although they consist of two characters. These characters combinations are
called as escape sequence.
Backslash
character constants
Character
ASCII value
Escape Sequence
Result
Null
000
\0
Null
Alarm (bell)
007
\a
Beep Sound
Back
space
008
\b
Moves
previous position
Horizontal tab
009
\t
Moves next horizontal tab
New line
010
\n
Moves next Line
Vertical tab
011
\v
Moves next vertical tab
Form feed
012
\f
Moves initial position of next page
Carriage return
013
\r
Moves beginning of the line
Double quote
034
\"
Present Double quotes
Single quote
039
\'
Present Apostrophe
Question mark
063
\?
Present Question Mark
Back slash
092
\\
Present back slash
Octal number
\000
Hexadecimal number \x